Cia peb nkag mus tob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm qib "S690Q" thiab nws cov qauv sib xws.
Qhov no yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj uas qhia meej txhua feem ntawm qhov kev xaiv thiab muab tso rau hauv lub ntiaj teb txoj cai tswj hwm.
1. Qib Lub ntsiab lus: Kev txiav txim siab "S690Q"
Kev xaiv ua raws li European tus qauv EN 10025-6. Txhua feem ntawm lub npe muaj lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb:
S - Cov Qauv Hlau:
Qhia tau hais tias cov hlau yog npaj rau kev thauj khoom -cov kabmob kev siv hauv kev tsim kho thiab engineering.
690 - Yam tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog:
Qhov no yog qhov qhia txog kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws qhia qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog (ReH) ntawm 690 MPa (Megapascals) ntawm chav tsev kub.
Nyob rau hauv imperial units, qhov no yog kwv yees li 100 ksi (kilo-pounds ib square inch), faib nws raws li ib tug ultra-siab- zog steel.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: Qhov no yog qhov lees paub qhov tsawg kawg nkaus qhov taw qhia. Lub zog tawm los ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj zeb yuav feem ntau siab dua me ntsis (piv txwv li, 720-850 MPa).
Q - Quenched thiab Tempered:
Qhov no qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom uas muab cov hlau nws muaj zog thiab toughness.
Quenching: Cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub siab heev (austenitizing) thiab ces txias sai heev (feem ntau hauv dej los yog roj). Qhov no ua rau ib qho nyuaj tab sis brittle microstructure (martensite).
Tempering: Cov hlau quenched yog reheated rau ib qho nruab nrab kub thiab tuav. Cov txheej txheem no ua lag luam tawm me me ntawm hardness / lub zog rau kev nce siab hauv toughness thiab ductility, ua cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev siv engineering. Qhov "Q" yog qhov tseem ceeb heev - nws txhais tau hais tias kev tswj hwm thermomechanical.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus: S690Q yog quenched thiab tempered structural steel nrog ib tug guaranteed yam tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 690 MPa.
2. Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb: EN 10025-6
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau S690Q yog EN 10025-6: Kub dov cov khoom ntawm cov qauv hlau - Ntu 6: Kev xa tawm cov xwm txheej rau cov khoom lag luam tiaj tus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog hauv cov txheej txheem quenched thiab tempered.
Qhov no European Norm (EN) tus qauv qhia cov kev cai dav dav:
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg: Kev txwv siab tshaj plaws rau Carbon (C), Manganese (Mn), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S), thiab alloying ntsiab xws li Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Molybdenum (Mo), Boron (B), thiab lwm yam.
Mechanical Properties:
Yield Strength (ReH): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 690 MPa
Tensile Strength (Rm): 770 - 940 MPa (Qhov tensile range no tseem ceeb heev)
Elongation ntawm Fracture (A): Tsawg feem pua tau teev raws li thickness.
Impact Toughness: Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Nws tso cai rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus Charpy V-Notch (KV) cuam tshuam lub zog (feem ntau yog 30 Joules yam tsawg kawg nkaus) ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub (feem ntau -40℃lossis -60℃, nyob ntawm qhov subgrade). Qhov no ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv rau brittle puas.
Subgrades rau Impact Toughness: Tus qauv qhia ntxiv cov khoom siv los ntawm nws qhov kev pabcuam kub qis tshaj.
Piv txwv: S690QL (L=Tsawg, kuaj ntawm -40 degree) lossis S690QL1 (kuaj ntawm -60℃). Tus "Q" twb hais txog qhov hnyav kawg nkaus, tab sis tsab ntawv ntxiv qhov kub thiab txias.
3. Lwm cov qauv sib npaug & sib npaug
S690Q tau lees paub thoob ntiaj teb raws li kev sib txawv nomenclature systems. Cov no yog cov khoom sib npaug, txawm hais tias cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom muaj tseeb yuav txawv me ntsis.
| Region/System | Txuj | Qib sib npaug | Ntsiab Lus |
|---|---|---|---|
| International (ISO) | ISO 4950-3 | EQ 70 (Yield in kgf/mm²) | ISO tus qauv zoo ib yam li EN. EQ 70 sib raug rau 690 MPa tawm los. |
| USA (ASTM/ABS) | ASTM A514 / A517 Cov Lus Qhia | Qib 100 (Yield in ksi) | Feem ntau US sib npaug. A514 rau cov qauv, A517 rau cov hlab ntsha siab. Qhov txawv tseem ceeb: US qib feem ntau yog cov hlau alloy nrog cov chemistry tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, A514 Gr. B), thaum S690Q yog qib dav dav nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. |
| Nyiv (JIS) | TIAB SA 3128 | SIB 685 | Zoo sib xws quenched thiab tempered siab -lub zog steel. |
| Tuam Tshoj (GB) | GB/T 16270 | Q690D / Q690E | Lub "Q" sawv cev rau Yield Strength, 690 rau MPa, thiab D / E qhia txog qhov ntsuas kub (-20℃/ -40 degree). Qhov ze tshaj sib npaug rau S690QL. |
4. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb & cuam tshuam los ntawm tus qauv
Nkag siab tus qauv qhia tias vim li cas S690Q yog ob qho tib si muaj zog thiab nyuaj rau siv:
High Strength-rau-Weight Ratio: Ua kom sib zog, ntau dua cov qauv, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntev- txuas txuas, siab- cov tsev nce siab, thiab hnyav- cranes.
Mandated Toughness: Qhov -40℃/ -60℃cuam tshuam qhov yuav tsum tau muaj yog tsis sib tham. Nws yog cov khoom tawg-pov thawj tseem ceeb, lub ntsiab lus nws tsim yuav tsum suav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntu tuab thiab muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau.
Weldability Challenges (The HAZ Issue): Thaum nws cov pa sib npaug (CEV, Pcm) yog tswj hwm rau weldability, Quenched & Tempered microstructure yog cua sov-sensitive.
Thaum tshav kub kub-Tebchaws cuam tshuam (HAZ) ntsib lub voj voog cua sov thaum lub sijhawm vuam uas tuaj yeem nyob hauv zos "dhau-kev kub ntxhov" lossis ua ntu ntu ntu, tsim kom muaj thaj chaw softened (lub zog tuaj yeem poob mus rau ~ 550 MPa) thiab qhov chaw muaj peev xwm ua kom txias txias. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem vuam nruj (WPS).
Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj: Cov qauv khoom siv (EN 10025-6) qhia koj tias cov hlau yog dab tsi. Tus qauv tsim qhia koj yuav siv nws li cas.
Hauv Tebchaws Europe: EN 1993-}1-12 (Eurocode 3: Tsim cov qauv hlau - Ntu 1-12: Cov cai ntxiv rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm EN 1993 txog qib steel S700).
Cov qauv tsim cov cai no muab kev txo qis ib feem ntawm kev nyab xeeb, cov cai rau buckling, thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke rau steels saum S460.
Kev xaus: Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "Qib"
Rau S690Q, "qib" suav nrog ob lub ntsiab lus tsis sib xws:
Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm: Nws yog ib qho luv luv rau cov khoom uas tau lees paub (690 MPa YS, siab toughness).
Cov txheej txheem Specification: Nws yog kev cog lus rau txoj kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb (Quenching & Tempering) uas ua tiav cov khoom.
Yog li, kev qhia S690Q rau EN 10025-6 tsis yog tsuas yog xaj cov hlau muaj zog xwb; nws yog procuring ib tug siab -kev ua tau zoo engineered cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug ntawv pov thawj keeb kwm ntawm kev tswj chemistry, thermomechanical ua, thiab validated toughness-txhua yam tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb siv nws lub zog nyob rau hauv loj-scale, cov qauv tseem ceeb.