ASTM A537 Qib 1yog cov cua sov- kho, carbon-manganese- silicon steel phaj rau kev siv lub nkoj siab. Nws raug quenching thiab tempering kom ua tiav cov khoom siv kho tshuab, haum rau nruab nrab mus rau siab - qhov kub thiab txias kev pabcuam nrog zoo weldability thiab toughness.
Mechanical Properties
|
Qib |
Yield zog |
Tensile zog |
Elongation hauv 2 " |
Elongation hauv 8 " |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A537 Chav Kawm 1 |
50 |
70 - 90 |
22 |
18 |
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
|
C |
Mn 1) |
P 2) |
S 2) |
Si |
Cu |
Ni 1) |
Cr |
Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
0.24 |
1.60 |
0.020 |
0.010 |
0.50 |
0.35 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.080 |
Carbon sib npaug
|
Thickness (hauv) |
0.375 - 2.00 |
|---|---|
|
Yam CET (wt%) |
0.31 |
|
CEV (wt%) |
0.43 |
Txoj kev ua
Melting thiab Refining
• Deoxidation: Cov hlau yuav tsum raug tua tag nrho (tag nrho deoxidized).
• Grain Refinement: Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo austenitic grain loj xyaum, raws li tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv ASTM A20/A20M, kom ntseeg tau tias siab toughness.
• Chemistry Control: Precise control of Carbon (max 0.24%), Manganese (0.70–1.60%), thiab Silicon (0.15–0.50%) yog tswj kom sib npaug weldability thiab lub zog.
Kev kho cua sov: normalizing
Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau Chav Kawm 1.
• Cov txheej txheem: Cov paib tau rhuab mus rau qhov kub tsis sib xws ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj (Ac₃) thiab tom qab ntawd txias hauv huab cua los yog cua blasting.
• Lub Hom Phiaj: Qhov no ua kom zoo dua cov microstructure, ua kom lub zog tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 50 ksi [345 MPa], thiab txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv kom tawg tawg.
Txiav thiab Deg Kev Npaj
• Thermal Cutting: Plasma lossis oxy- feem ntau siv roj txiav.
• Ntug Conditioning: Txhua txheej txheej tawv los yog Heat Afected Zone (HAZ) uas tshwm sim los ntawm thermal txiav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm kev sib tsoo los yog machining ua ntej welding los yog tsim los tiv thaiv kev tawg.
Txoj kev tsim
• Cold forming: Zoo haum vim nws ductility zoo. Yam tsawg kawg sab hauv khoov radii yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob ntog tearing.
• Kev Ua Kub Kub: Yog tias lub phaj kub siab tshaj 1100℃F [595 degree] rau kev tsim, cov khoom qub yuav ploj mus. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau rov ua dua - normalized tom qab tsim los kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab Class 1.
Vuam txheej txheem
• Cov txheej txheem xaiv: Tsim nyog rau txhua txoj kev fusion vuam (SMAW, GMAW, SAW).
• Hydrogen Control: Siv cov khoom siv qis- hydrogen consumables yog yuav tsum tau kom tsis txhob txias cracking (hydrogen-induced cracking).
• Preheat: Yam tsawg kawg nkaus preheat thiab interpass kub yuav tsum tau tswj raws li cov thickness thiab siv cov lej vuam (xws li ASME Tshooj IX).
Tshaj tawm -Kev kho cua sov (PWHT)
• Kev Ruaj Ntseg: Feem ntau yuav tsum tau txo qis kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv cov qauv welded.
• Kev Tswj Kub Kub: PWHT kub feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1100℃F thiab 1250℃F [595℃-675 degree]. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj qhov normalizing kub los tiv thaiv degradation ntawm tensile lub zog.
Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntawv pov thawj
• Mechanical Testing: suav nrog kev ntsuas nro (yield zog, tensile zog, thiab elongation).
• Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab: Charpy V-Kev ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas tau ua yog tias tau teev tseg rau qhov kev pabcuam qis- qhov kub thiab txias (feem ntau yuav tsum muaj rau kev pabcuam hauv qab -46℃).
• NDT: Ultrasonic Testing (UT) nquag siv los xyuas kom meej lub suab ntawm lub phaj.
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Roj, Roj, thiab Petrochemicals:Siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, suav nrog kev tsim cov pa roj sib cais, cov roj rig reactors, thiab cov chaw cia khoom tshwj xeeb tsim los rau cov tshuaj hnyav xws li hydrogen sulfide.
Kev tsim hluav taws xob:Ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv siab - siab zog cog cov khoom xws li boiler nruas, superheaters, reheaters, thiab evaporators uas yuav tsum tiv taus kub thiab siab loads.
Cia thiab Distribution:Cov khoom siv txheem rau API 650 thiab API 620 cia tso tsheb hlau luam, cov pa roj tso pa tawm, thiab loj - txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm cov kav dej rau dej lossis tshuaj.
Tub Rog thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv:Siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov tub rog- qib tanks thiab thauj khoom vim nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus huab cua huab cua thiab tswj kom muaj kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab.
Structure Engineering:Siv rau hauv kev thov rau pej xeem tej yaam num xws li txuas hniav, crane booms, thiab architectural moj khaum cov qauv uas yuav tsum tau siab - zog - rau - luj ratios.
Tag nrho cov specification thiab cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau ntawm kev thov. Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no yog muab rau kev taw qhia nkaus xwb. Rau kev tsim tshwj xeeb thov hu rau peb cov neeg ua haujlwm muag khoom.
Dab tsi yog qhov ceev ntawm ASTM A537 Class 1?
Nws qhov ceev yog kwv yees li 0.284 lb / in³ (7.86 g / cm³), tib yam li carbon steels feem ntau. Tus nqi no yog siv rau kev xam qhov hnyav hauv lub nkoj siab tsim thiab fabrication.
Nws puas tiv thaiv corrosion?
Nws muaj nruab nrab corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig me me. Rau qhov hnyav (piv txwv li, dej ntsev, tshuaj), nws yuav tsum tau coatings (xim, galvanizing) los yog corrosion- cov kab resistant kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej.
Modulus ntawm elasticity yog dab tsi?
Lub modulus ntawm elasticity yog hais txog 30 × 10⁶ ksi (207 GPa), zoo ib yam nrog carbon steels. Tus nqi no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv thiab kev suav deformation hauv kev tsim cov hlab ntsha siab.
Nws puas tuaj yeem hardened ntxiv tom qab fabrication?
Re- hardening tsis pom zoo, vim nws yuav ua rau cov khoom tsis sib xws lossis tawg. Yog xav tau lub zog ntxiv, xaiv ASTM A537 Chav Kawm 2 lossis hlau alloy yog qhov zoo dua tom qab-fabrication hardening.
Qhov siab tshaj carbon sib npaug (CE) tus nqi yog dab tsi?
Cov pa roj carbon sib npaug, suav los ntawm cov qauv zoo li IIW, feem ntau Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.45% kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib tw. CE siab dua yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg, yog li yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Puas yog nws tsim nyog rau kev siv siab -siab?
Yog lawm, nws tau tsim los rau nruab nrab mus rau siab - kev pabcuam siab thaum loj rau ASME Code. Nws tensile thiab tawm los muaj zog, ua ke nrog toughness, ua rau nws txhim khu kev qha rau cov hlab ntsha hauv siab hauv siab.
Dab tsi yog PWHT pom zoo tom qab vuam?
Tom qab-weld kho cua sov ntawm 1100-1200℃F (593-649 degree) rau lub sijhawm txaus, ua raws li kev ua kom txias qeeb, txo qis kev ntxhov siab, txhim kho weld toughness, thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm cov pob qij txha.
ASTM A537 Class 1 muab tau li cas?
Nws tau muab los ua daim hlau nyob rau hauv quenched thiab tempered mob, nrog zeb xeem ntawv qhia (MTRs) certification tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, mechanical zog, thiab tshav kub kev kho mob, xyuas kom meej traceability thiab ua raws li.
Cov kev txwv ntawm ASTM A537 Class 1 yog dab tsi?
It's not suitable for cryogenic or extreme high-temperature (>650℃F / 343 degree) kev pabcuam. Nws muaj qhov txwv tsis pub muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav thiab yuav tsum tau vuam / PWHT kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem kev ua haujlwm.