A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2yog ib hom hlau alloy steel phaj tsim los siv rau hauv cov hlab ntsha siab welded uas txhim kho toughness thiab lub zog ntawm qhov nruab nrab siab kub yuav tsum tau. Nws belongs rau chromium-molybdenum steel tsev neeg, uas muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev nkag thiab oxidation nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam uas muaj cua sov. Qib no yog tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov hauv boilers, heat exchangers, thiab lwm yam siab -muaj cov cuab yeej ua hauj lwm ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj qhov uas feem ntau tuav los ntawm carbon steel daim hlau. Cov hlau yog tsim los nrog cov tshuaj sib xyaw tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem kho cua sov kom ua tiav qhov xav tau ua ke ntawm lub zog, ductility, thiab cov khoom cuam tshuam. Nws cov weldability yog ib qho tseem ceeb yam ntxwv, tso cai rau nws mus koom siv cov txheej txheem vuam ib txwm thaum tswj cov txheej txheem kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam ib puag ncig.
Sib npaug
|
BS |
EN |
ASTM/ASME |
DIN |
|
620 B |
13 ZPO 45 |
A387-12-2 |
13 ZPO 44 |
Specifications
|
Lub npe |
Nominal Chromium |
Nominal Molybdenum |
|
A387 Qib 12 |
1.00% |
0.50% |
Tensile Requirements rau Chav Kawm 2 Phaj
|
Lub npe: |
Yuav tsum tau: |
Qib 12 |
|
A387 Qib 12 |
Tensile zog, ksi [MPA] |
65 txog 85 [450 rau 585] |
|
|
Yield zog, min, ksi [MPa] / (0.2% offset) |
40 [275] |
|
|
Elongation hauv 8 nti. [200mm], min % |
19 |
|
|
Elongation hauv 2 nti. [50mm], min, % |
22 |
|
|
Txo thaj tsam, min% |
––– |
Kev xav tau tshuaj
|
Element |
|
Chemical Composition (%) Inc. Qib & UNS No. |
|
|
|
Qib 12 (UNS: K11757) |
|
Cov pa roj carbon: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.05 - 0.17 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.04 - 0.17 |
|
Manganese: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.40 - 0.65 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.35 - 0.73 |
|
Phosphorus: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.035 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.035 |
|
Sulfur (max): |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.035 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.035 |
|
Silicon: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.15 - 0.40 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.13 - 0.45 |
|
Chromium: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.80 - 1.15 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.74 - 1.21 |
|
Molybdenum: |
Kev Ntsuas Kub: |
0.45 - 0.60 |
|
|
Product Analysis: |
0.40 - 0.65 |
Primary Manufacturing & Heat Treatment
Cov khoom siv yog chrome-molybdenum alloy steel, thiab nws cov txheej txheem yog txhais los ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
Hlau Ua:Cov hlau yuav tsum tau "tua" (deoxidized) kom ntseeg tau tias cov qauv tshuaj tsis sib xws.
Rolling:Cov phaj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawmKub-Rolling (HR).
Kev kho cua sov:Qhov no yog theem tseem ceeb uas qhov txawv ntawm Chav Kawm 2 ntawm Chav Kawm 1. Rau Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem suav nrog:
Annealing:Ua kom txias qeeb los txhim kho ductility.
Normalizing & Tempering:Cua sov rau qhov kub thiab txias cua txias (normalizing), ua raws li los ntawm reheating kom tsawg1150 ° F (620 ° F)(tempering) kom ua tiav lub zog xav tau.
Accelerated Cooling:Kua los yog moj tej tawg quenching los ntawm lub austenitizing kub yog tso cai yog pom zoo raws li tus neeg yuav khoom, muab nws ua raws li tempering.
Cov txheej txheem xeem tseem ceeb
Tom qab kev tsim khoom, A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2 daim hlau tau dhau los ua kev puas tsuaj hnyav thiab tsis yog-Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Phem (NDT) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv tshuab:
Mechanical Testing:Tensile zog (yuav tsum tau: 450-585 MPa) thiab tawm lub zog (min: 275 MPa).
Impact Analysis:Feem ntau kuaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (piv txwv li, -52 degree) ntawm Charpy V-Notch tests.
Tsis yog -Kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj:Xws li kuaj Ultrasonic, Radiography (X-ray), thiab Hydrostatic tsom xam kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag.
Spectro Analysis:Paub meej tias Chemical Composition ua tau raws li 0.80–1.15% Chromium thiab 0.45–0.60% Molybdenum qauv.
Kev ua haujlwm thib ob
Cov hlau yog ntau yam ntau yam rau kev tsim khoom ntxiv:
Txiav & Shaping:Cov phaj tuaj yeem muab tau raws li kev cai txiav - mus rau - cov duab loj lossis beveled rau vuam.
Vuam:Nws yog tsim los rau Weldable Pressure Vessels, muab cov weldability zoo txawm tias nyob rau hauv "kev pabcuam qaub" (corrosive) ib puag ncig.
Formability:Cov khoom txhawb nqa txias los yog kub sib sau rau kev tsim cov reactors, cais, thiab cia tso tsheb hlau luam.
daim ntawv thov
Cov hlab ntsha siab:Siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom kev lag luam siab cov hlab ntsha uas ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab, qhov chaw muaj zog thiab kev tiv thaiv rau kev nkag mus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev pabcuam mus sij hawm ntev.
Boilers thiab boiler Cheebtsam:Siv nyob rau hauv boiler nruas, headers, thiab lwm yam structural qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus kub kub thiab siab nyob rau hauv lub siab thaum tswj cov txheej txheem kev ncaj ncees.
Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers:Siv nyob rau hauv lub plhaub-thiab-tube thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, qhov twg zoo thermal conductivity thiab stability nyob rau hauv cyclic cua sov yuav tsum tau.
Cov khoom siv roj thiab roj ua haujlwm:Pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej ntws thiab cov dej hauv qab dej thiab cov chaw siv roj, suav nrog cov khoom sib cais, cov reactors, thiab cov txheej txheem cov hlab ntsha raug rau nruab nrab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias.
Refinery nkoj thiab piping systems:Siv nyob rau hauv refinery kab, tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab cov kav dej sib txuas uas tuav cov dej kub thiab xav tau kev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab thermal stress.
Petrochemical cog khoom siv:Siv nyob rau hauv reactors, distillation units, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem cov cuab yeej koom tes nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov thiab kho cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv siab kub.
Fais fab tuag systems:Siv nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag boilers, chav generators, thiab auxiliary cov cuab yeej uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd kub-kub tej yam kev mob.
Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab:Xaiv rau ntau qhov kev pabcuam kub kub uas cov hlau tsis muaj zog txaus los yog nkag mus.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog GNEE cov khoom siv hlau, tiv tauj peb ntawm beam@gneesteelgroup.com. Peb tos ntsoov yuav ua haujlwm nrog koj.
Cov khoom siv dab tsi yog A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2?
Nws yog chromium-molybdenum alloy steel, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm Fe, Cr (1.00-}1.50%) thiab Mo (0.45-0.65%), nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias zog thiab corrosion kuj.
Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog ntawm A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2 yog dab tsi?
Nws lub zog tensile yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog 485 MPa, thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog yog 260 MPa, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm siab -siab thiab siab - kub ua haujlwm ib puag ncig.
Qhov kev pabcuam siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau no yog dab tsi?
Nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm qhov kev pabcuam siab tshaj plaws ntawm 593 degree, ua rau nws haum rau siab - cov khoom siv kub hauv petrochemical thiab fais fab kev lag luam.
Puas yog A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2 yog qis- alloy lossis siab - alloy steel?
Nws belongs rau qis- alloy steel. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab (Cr, Mo) yog tsawg dua 5%, ntsuas tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo.
Dab tsi yog microstructure ntawm A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2 tom qab kev kho cua sov?
Tom qab normalizing thiab tempering, nws cov microstructure yog zoo pearlite thiab ferrite, uas txhim khu nws toughness thiab creep kuj.
A387 Qib 12 Chav Kawm 2 puas tuaj yeem welded?
Yog lawm, nws yog weldable, tab sis preheating (150-}200 degree) thiab tom qab vuam cua sov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob khaub thuas thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke.
Yuav ua li cas welding txoj kev tsim nyog rau no hlau alloy?
Cov txheej txheem muaj xws li shielded hlau arc vuam, roj tungsten arc vuam thiab submerged arc vuam, uas hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv vuam scenarios thiab cov kev cai zoo.
Kev kho cua sov puas tsim nyog tom qab vuam?
Yog lawm, ncej-weld tempering ntawm 620-670℃yog qhov tseem ceeb los tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab uas seem thiab rov qab kho cov khoom siv ntawm thaj chaw vuam.
Nws puas tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim?
Nws muaj nruab nrab machinability. Cov cuab yeej ntse thiab cov cuab yeej txiav kom raug yog xav tau, thiab cov roj lubricants txias yuav tsum tau siv los txo cov cuab yeej hnav.